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Red Team vs Blue Team vs Purple Team: Understanding the Different Security Testing Approaches

Curious about Red Blue and Purple Teams in cybersecurity? Learn how these approaches differ, what roles they play, and how each strengthens digital defence.

Rube Sayed

Rube Sayed

Red Team Blue Team Purple Team: Understanding Security Testing Approaches

According to IBM’s 2024 Cost of a Data Breach Report, organisations take an average of 204 days to detect a breach and another 73 days to contain it. That’s close to nine months of silent exposure, enough time for serious damage to unfold unnoticed.

As cyber threats grow more sophisticated and relentless, businesses of all sizes are under pressure to step up their security posture. Beyond protecting sensitive data, staying compliant and maintaining the trust of clients, partners, and regulators is challenging.

That’s where strategic security testing comes into play. Red, Blue, and Purple Teams each play a distinct role in modern cybersecurity, from simulating real-world attacks to defending against them and bridging the gap between the two.

Red Team Simulating Adversarial Attacks

Red Teams are specialists who approach security from the attacker’s perspective. Their job is to challenge systems, people, and procedures in the same way a real-world threat actor would - quietly, creatively, and without prior warning.

Red Security Testing

Who They Are

Red Teams are ethical hackers trained to think like cybercriminals. They are hired to simulate genuine attacks without tipping off internal staff. Their focus is offensive, pushing the limits of a business’s defences to uncover real-world risks.

Key Techniques

Social Engineering

Red Teams use manipulation to trick individuals into granting access or revealing sensitive information. Common methods include:

Advanced Exploitation

They actively look for and use technical flaws across networks, apps, and physical locations. Techniques include:

  • Scanning for open ports and exposed services/li>
  • Taking advantage of weak or outdated software
  • Physically entering secure areas through tailgating or unauthorised badge access

Use of TTPs

Red Teams use tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) based on those employed by real-world threat groups. This adds authenticity and depth to their operations, ensuring they reflect actual risks.

Main Objectives

  • Find gaps missed during routine testing
  • Reveal flaws in processes and staff awareness
  • Test how well detection and response teams react under pressure

Deliverables

The result is a comprehensive report that outlines exploited weaknesses, security gaps, and practical suggestions. These insights help businesses prepare more effectively and raise overall awareness of cyber threats.

Blue Team Defending and Protecting Assets

While Red Teams launch simulated attacks, Blue Teams focus on defence. These security professionals work quietly and consistently to detect threats, stop attacks, and keep systems running safely.

Blue Security Testing

Their Mission

Blue Teams are responsible for defending an organisation’s digital environment. They continuously monitor systems, respond to incidents, and strengthen defences over time. Their role is proactive and ongoing, ensuring threats are dealt with quickly and effectively.

Core Functions

Monitoring Tools

Blue Teams rely on advanced tools to keep watch over network activity, user behaviour, and potential threats. These include:

  • Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) systems
  • Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS)
  • Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) platforms

These tools help flag unusual patterns and trigger alerts for further investigation.

Incident Response

When an attack occurs, Blue Teams jump into action. Their process includes:

  • Identifying the threat through monitoring and analysis
  • Containing the breach to limit damage
  • Removing malicious files or access points
  • Restoring systems to normal operations
  • Reviewing the incident for future improvement

Vulnerability Management

Regular assessments help Blue Teams stay ahead of potential issues. This involves:

  • Scanning for weaknesses in systems and software
  • Assigning risk levels to identified issues
  • Applying patches and updates to remove threats

Why They Matter

Blue Teams are essential to maintaining everyday security. They protect sensitive data, ensure legal and industry compliance, and help keep operations running even under threat.

Long-Term Impact

Blue Teams’ ongoing efforts build strong, resilient defences. Their work improves threat detection, reduces future risk, and helps create a more secure digital environment.

Purple Team Collaborative Security Enhancement

Purple Teams don’t sit on the sidelines. Instead, they bring Red and Blue Teams together, encouraging teamwork, knowledge sharing, and strategic alignment. Rather than being a standalone unit, Purple Teaming is a collaborative approach that strengthens every part of the security process.

Purple Security Testing

The Bridge Between Red and Blue

Purple Teams combine the Red Team’s offensive tactics with the Blue Team’s defensive insights. This collaboration helps both sides understand each other’s strategies, creating more effective outcomes. It’s not about taking sides, it’s about working together to improve the organisation’s overall security posture.

Working Together

Joint Simulations

During live exercises, the Red Team launches a simulated attack while the Blue Team defends in real time. This setup allows:

  • Immediate feedback on defence gaps
  • A practical test of detection and response skills
  • Improved coordination between teams

Insight Sharing

Both teams contribute what they know to help each other grow.

  • Blue Teams provide data from logs and monitoring tools to show what was detected
  • Red Teams share new techniques and tactics to help strengthen defences

Strategic Goals

Purple Teaming focuses on:

  • Breaking down communication barriers between departments
  • Aligning security goals across teams
  • Building shared knowledge for better decision-making
  • Creating a culture of collaboration rather than competition

Benefits

  • Quicker threat identification and action
  • Continuous improvement through feedback loops
  • Stronger understanding of adversarial methods and internal defences
  • A balanced, well-informed approach to cyber resilience

Purple Teaming isn’t just about better teamwork; it’s about staying one step ahead of evolving threats.

Key Differences Between Red Blue, and Purple Teams

Each team plays a distinct role in securing an organisation, with different methods, tools, and goals. The table below outlines how they compare across core aspects:

Aspect

Red Team

Blue Team

Purple Team

Focus

Offensive testing

Defensive protection

Integrated collaboration

Tools

Exploits, phishing, social tactics

SIEM, firewalls, detection software

Feedback systems, shared dashboards

Duration

Time-limited, stealth engagements

Continuous monitoring

Iterative cycles

Outcome

Identify vulnerabilities

Protect and detect threats

Unified improvements

While each team serves its own purpose, their combined effort offers the most powerful approach. Working together, they form a complete defence system—testing, defending, and evolving as threats continue to shift.

When to Use Red Blue and Purple Teams

Understanding when to bring in Red, Blue, or Purple Teams depends on an organisation’s security goals, industry needs, and threat landscape. Each team brings value at different stages of the security lifecycle.

Red Team

Red Teams are most useful during:

  • Risk assessments to identify unknown vulnerabilities
  • Internal audits or third-party evaluations for compliance checks
  • Testing readiness against specific threats such as ransomware or insider attacks

These simulations help uncover weaknesses in both technology and staff preparedness. Industries like finance and government often rely on Red Teams to simulate high-stakes scenarios that demand airtight security.

Blue Team

Blue Teams are essential for:

  • Managing Security Operations Centres (SOCs)
  • Handling daily detection and response tasks
  • Meeting ongoing compliance requirements across sectors

Blue Teams help maintain strong defences from healthcare to retail and ensure smooth recovery from incidents. Their role is ongoing, making them a cornerstone of everyday cybersecurity.

Purple Team

Purple Teams are the right choice when organisations want to:

  • Break down silos between security functions
  • Encourage shared learning between offensive and defensive teams
  • Improve threat response coordination over time

Tech companies and large enterprises often use Purple Teaming to speed up development cycles and refine security practices. Their collaborative approach supports continuous learning and builds a more mature security posture.

No matter the industry, combining these approaches delivers a layered defence that adapts to changing threats and compliance demands.

The Holistic Security Advantage

When Red, Blue, and Purple Teams work in harmony, the result is far greater than the sum of their parts. Security becomes dynamic, constantly learning, adapting, and improving. It’s no longer just about setting up firewalls or installing antivirus software. It’s about understanding how attackers think, testing defences under pressure, and evolving with each new threat.

This integrated approach builds agility across the entire organisation. Red Teams challenge assumptions, Blue Teams defend in real time, and Purple Teams ensure both sides learn and improve together. It creates a cycle of continuous improvement, driven by collaboration rather than isolation.

Bringing these teams together isn’t just a forward-thinking strategy; it’s essential in today’s fast-moving threat landscape. Businesses that embrace this model are better equipped to detect attacks, respond quickly, and strengthen their posture over time. It’s a shift from reactive security to proactive resilience..

Stay Ahead of Threats with Experts Who Think Like Hackers

Is your business prepared for a real-world attack? Take a moment to assess your current security setup. Are your defences actively monitored? Have your systems and staff ever been tested under pressure? Now’s the time to move beyond guesswork.

Datcom offers advanced penetration testing and comprehensive security assessments shaped by the core principles of Red, Blue, and Purple Teaming.

Get clarity on your vulnerabilities and confidence in your defences.
Contact us to uncover hidden gaps and craft a defence strategy that keeps pace with today’s threats.

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